What goes through your mind when you hear the word
“sovereignty”? More specifically, what do you think about when you hear that
God is sovereign? The truth that God is sovereign is all over Scripture, but
how many of us actually live as though Jesus is Lord; as though he is truly
supreme over everything in existence?
Last year during one of the blessed opportunities I was
given to share a message with you, I was struck during our singing time when Jim
suggested that we sing such truthful songs as liars. We sing such worshipful
songs, such God-exalting lyrics, and our hearts are often far from him, and we
leave worship unchanged by such magnificent truths. That hit me square in the
face. Here I am at seminary being inundated with glorious biblical truth. I
pray that I don’t walk away from this season unchanged! And one thing that I
need to hear over and over is that Jesus is supreme over all things; he is
better than all my simple desires; he is better than my grades and my
systematized theology; he is bigger than my fears and more powerful than my
failures; he sees everything done in secret and holds my next breath in his
hands. Jesus is Lord. He is sovereign. Everything was made for him and
everything points to his supremacy.
That is the purpose of the book of Hebrews and that’s what I
want to focus on this morning. I want to lift Jesus up as the sovereign ruler
over every moment of our lives and think about what that means for every day I
exist in his creation.
Open your Bibles with me to Hebrews 1, and we will look
together at the first four verses.
Long ago, at many times and in
many ways, God spoke to our fathers by the prophets, but in these last days he
has spoken to us by his Son, whom he appointed the heir of all things, through
whom also he created the world. He is the radiance of the glory of God and the
exact imprint of his nature, and he upholds the universe by the word of his
power. After making purification for sins, he sat down at the right hand of the
Majesty on high, having become as much superior to angels as the name he has inherited
is more excellent than theirs.
We don’t know who wrote the book of Hebrews. It doesn’t
begin like the other letters of the NT which identify the author and the
audience before getting into the content of the message. The title comes from
tradition which recognized that the content of the letter clearly assumes a
strong Jewish background. The author intends to convince his Jewish readers that
everything about their religious system were symbols meant to point to a far
greater reality. Angels are simply glorious beings intended to magnify the
glory of God. Moses and the prophets were merely human instruments to proclaim
the words of God. The priests were imperfect mediators who went to God on
behalf of the people. The Old Covenant was a system devised to daily remind
Israel of their need for salvation. All of these things anticipated the coming
of someone greater than all of it, who would fulfill all of it, and who would
bring glory to God by satisfying all of it.
And the author wastes no time revealing who is supreme over
all of the Old Covenant. Clearly these first four verses refer to Jesus as the
one who is greater than all the Jews clung to so tightly. Though his name is
not used, the titles and the actions that describe him are meant to lead us to
see that this humble Jesus who walked the earth and was executed like a common
criminal is actually more powerful than the greatest king; his words carry more
authority than the most righteous prophet; his sacrifice more perfect than all
sacrifices ever offered.
The introduction to the book of Hebrews lays the groundwork
for why Jesus is greater than all of this; Jesus is Lord!
What does it mean to say that Jesus is Lord? The word can be
a simple title, meaning someone of higher class or authority, especially of a
person who is your master. We should mean that when we say that Jesus is our
lord. He calls the shots in our life. He gets to decide what is important to us
and what we do with our resources. We don’t pursue anything unless we first
determine whether or not it fits into his plan for us as his servants. Yet when
the NT writers say that Jesus is Lord, they mean even more than that.
First we see that Jesus is supreme because his words have
the authority of God himself. When Moses came down from Mt. Sinai, he didn’t
command the people by saying, “I have some really good ideas on how to worship
God.” No! He said, “Thus says the LORD!” Prophets didn’t proclaim in the
streets of Israel based on their own authority, but on the authority of the
LORD. Any prophet who proved to speak without the authority of the LORD was to
be killed; it was blasphemy to assume the authority of the LORD. Jews knew that
when the LORD spoke worlds were created, enemies were defeated, life overcame
death. And Jesus spoke not like a prophet, but with the authority of the LORD
himself.
We also see that Jesus is supreme because the glory of God
radiates from him. The glory of God was something special to Jews as well.
God’s glory led them out of Egypt with great power, through the Red Sea and the
wilderness and into the Promised Land. The glory of God filled the tabernacle
and the temple to signify that God dwells with his people. When the glory of
God was near the people, they could overcome sin and temptation, they could
defeat enemies that pressed in on them, they would prosper. And when the glory
of God departed from the temple, they fell into idolatry; their enemies
captured them and took them into exile. The glory of God resides among those God
is pleased with, and the book of Hebrews says that not only does the glory of
God dwell with Christ, Jesus is in fact the exact representation of God’s
glory! Jesus said that if you have seen him you have seen the Father; if you
know him you know the Father. To see the glory of God, says the writer of
Hebrews, is to see Jesus.
And finally, we see that Jesus is supreme because his name
reveals his nature. Verse four says he has inherited a name more excellent than
the angels. After fulfilling all the Father had for him to do on earth, he sat
down in heaven with the authority of the name above all names. What is that
name? When Moses met God in the burning bush, he asked God, “What is your
name?” God’s response was, “I am.” From that time on Israel knew God by his
covenant name, not just God, but Yahweh, which means “to be”. His name reveals
his character, the one who exists and causes all things to exist without
anything outside of him influencing his existence. We depend on God in every
moment to exist, but God simply is. This name was holy and was to be revered
says the third commandment, so later Jews, afraid to offend God and be taken
back into exile, would never speak the name. Instead, when they would read his
name written down they would think of “I am” but they would say “my Lord.”
Instead of saying “Yahweh,” they would read it but say “Adonai.” This tradition
held even when Greek speaking Jews translated the Old Testament into Greek;
they translated the name Yahweh, not as a transliterated name, but simply using
the Greek word κυριος, or Lord. That is why when you read your OT, you
see LORD in all caps. These are instances when the Hebrew should see the name
Yahweh and read “Lord.”
What is the point of this
brief lecture on translations? Turn briefly to Philippians 2:9. In his letter
of encouragement to the Philippians, Paul sings this hymn about the humble
glory of Jesus and climaxes his song by saying, “every knee will bow and tongue
confess that Jesus is Lord.” I don’t think Paul is saying that everyone will
submit to Jesus as their master. He is making the bold statement that Jesus is
“I am.” If that is not true, then Paul is committing blasphemy. The name which
Jews revered so highly, the name that nobody but God himself can claim, Paul is
attributing to Jesus. Jesus himself made the claim of that name multiple times
in the book of John, clearly saying one time, “Before Abraham was, I am.” And
that, too, is what the writer of Hebrews is claiming. Jesus, carrying the name
of “I am” and with that name he is supreme over all things.
He holds creation
together by the power of his voice. He unfolds history by willing it into
existence. He sets up nations and brings them to ruin. All things point to him
and are for his glory. He can do whatever he pleases, and he has determined
that what pleases him most, what brings him most glory, is being the perfect
sacrifice for sins, being the perfect priest mediating between God and sinners,
being the perfect king, working to redeem a people who find their greatest joy
in submitting to him.
Before asking how this
truth should change your life, I want to look to a few specific examples in the
world to magnify your understanding of Jesus supremacy over all creation and
history. We see from verse three that the word of God, Jesus, holds all things
together by his own will. Colossians 1:17 and Romans 11:36 speak to this as
well, that all things hold together by him and all things are not just made
through him, but for his own purposes. So what types of things hold together by
the word of this supreme Jesus?
Psalm 19:1 declares, “The
heavens declare the glory of God, and the sky above proclaims his handiwork.”
Did anyone see about a month ago the incredible image NASA released of the
Andromeda galaxy? It was the clearest, highest resolution photo NASA has ever
obtained of such a distant object. Andromeda is the closest galaxy to our
galaxy, the Milky Way. The photo shows 100 million stars clustered together in
the one galaxy that is 40,000 light years across and 2 million light years away
from us. And this is one of 100 billion galaxies, and God upholds their
moment-by-moment existence by speaking them into being.
Those are the enormous
things that Jesus is bigger than, but look at the small things that he creates
with such fine-tuned detail. As technology improves we are able to see smaller
and smaller things, but it always seems like there is something smaller.
Scientists used to think that the body was made up of millions of cells that
resembled little more than a tiny, empty bubble. Then they looked closer and
realized that each of these millions of cells were incredibly complex little
factories each containing a library of information working to create energy to
power your body. Then they looked closer and realized that each of these
millions of little factories was made up of complex molecules which were made
up of dozens of atoms. Each atom–unable to be seen by even the most powerful
microscope–is made up of a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by tiny
electrons whizzing around in orbit. I remember my college chemistry professor
teaching us some theory that we don’t actually know what an electron is because
they travel so fast and so randomly that if you saw one it would instantly be
gone without any idea which direction it went. But God knows exactly what it is
made up of, where it has been, and where it is going. But even these protons,
neutrons, and electrons are made up of even smaller things like quarks and
neutrinos. These subatomic particles moving around at the speed of light move
one frame at a time in God’s eyes.
Getting more personal,
look at how incredible God has made our bodies. Psalm 139 God knit us together
in the womb; we are fearfully and wonderfully made. We start out as a single
cell and in the period of 9 months we are a fully functioning person ready to
take in the beauty of God’s creation. We have eyes to see more color than the
greatest camera and focus quicker than the fastest lens. We have a heart that
never stops supplying every cell in your body with every nutrient it needs. We
have a brain and nervous system that is faster and more complex than the most
powerful supercomputer ever made. And God creates each one with a unique
ability to reflect his glory.
I was amazed a couple
weeks ago at God’s incredible design of our blood-clotting system. I was at
work cutting some paper with a scissors and sliced my pinky finger up really
bad; probably bad enough that I should have gotten sttiches to hold it closed. I
quickly wrapped it up with gauze and within minutes it stopped bleeding; within
a few hours it had completely clotted up; and today you can barely even tell
there was a cut. I was able to worship God for slicing my finger open and
watching his handiwork in action.
God isn’t just in control
of physical matter, but of time as well. God is outside of time as we know it.
2 Peter 3:8 reminds us that a day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years is
as a day. Because he holds time in his hand he has patience to wait for the
last of his sheep to repent even if it is a thousand years from now. But he
also knows what happens in the smallest fraction of a second. It only takes a
moment in time for you to decide to move your hand, and then send the signal
from your brain to your hand, then for your hand to move and send a signal back
to your brain so you perceive that your hand did move. But God sees your
decision and brain signal happening as though it were a slow motion video. At
any time during the processing of your thought he, in his sovereignty, could
interrupt your decision to move your hand and prevent it from happening.
God holds every moment in
time and every smallest particle of matter in his hands. So it should be of no
surprise to us, then, that God orchestrated all of history to climax into what
Galatians 4:4 refers to as “the fullness of time.” What is the fullness of
time? Paul uses the phrase to describe the moment in history when god had moved
all world events into the perfect place so that Christ could accomplish his
redemptive mission and word could spread quickly to the whole world. All of
creation, all of history was made for this moment.
The Greeks conquered the
ancient world and everywhere they went they forced their language and culture
on every other culture. They thought they were improving the world by unifying
everyone under their “superior” language. But God was using their common
language to make it easier to spread the word of Christ around the world.
The Romans conquered the
Greeks, kept their language, and built high-quality roads between every city in
the empire. They set guards along every route to make military mobilization,
trade, and communication happen quickly and safely. They thought they were
making their empire prosper, but God was using their roads and army to make it
easier to spread the word of Christ around the world.
The Jews were exiled and
dispersed around the world and instead of returning home many started
synagogues in cities all over the Roman empire. The Romans granted Judaism
legal exemption from worshiping the Roman gods and Caesars and offered them
protection from religious opposition. The Romans thought they were just trying
to keep the peace in their kingdom, but God used these decrees to create
multiple safe venues to spread the word of Christ around the world.
Jesus is supremely
sovereign over every detail of time and space. That isn’t a truth that we
should store in the back of our minds for a test in seminary, or for a
theological debate, or for acceptance into the community of Calvinists. It
should radically change our lives. Not a single decision of my day should be
made without considering God’s control over my life and Jesus’ work of salvation
to bring the glory of God into my heart.
So now I want to
transition to making it practical for our lives. What does it mean for me that
Jesus is Lord?
First I want to speak to
those who have not yet submitted to him as Lord. The majority of the world acts
as though Jesus has no authority over them. You may think to yourself, “I
create my own destiny. I create meaning for myself and do what makes me happy.
I don’t need Jesus.” But it does not matter whether you submit to him or not;
Jesus still holds your breath, your body, your very existence together. Our
belief doesn’t make him sovereign, he is sovereign. You couldn’t think without
him giving you a brain, upholding your brain, and creating each moment for your
brain to exist. You live in a fragile world; the chair you sit in, the heart
beating in your chest, the ground beneath your feet are all held together by
his will. At any moment he could determine that your life no longer exist. Yet
by his kindness, by his patient mercy he still gives you opportunity to
acknowledge his glory. Alexander the Great too thought he was conquering the
world by his own authority. All of the Caesars of the Roman empire thought they
were ruling as the only influence on their own desires to control their own
destiny. But in it all God was orchestrating their decisions to shape world
history for his own purposes. All of history was created for this purpose, that
the loving pleasure God was satisfied to experience in his Trinitarian nature
would dwell within his people. The rise and fall of nations, the creation of
galaxies and quarks, the knitting of your life together was all done so that
Jesus would come to “make purification for sins” so that we who failed to even
acknowledge him could be made to see and savor his glory. We act as though
Jesus has no authority in our lives. We steal his right to reign in our hearts.
We reject the goodness he desires for his creation. The greatest good he has in
mind for us is that his Holy Spirit would dwell within us so that we would
experience the great joy he has enjoyed for eternity. Yet we say to him, “No
thanks. I’ll create my own happiness.” What fools are we to reject the greatest
joy there is. And God will have no hesitation in the end of time to cast away
all who reject his eternal joy into an eternal state of misery.
Though his creation
rejected him, Hebrews says that Jesus made purification for sins. That is he
took God’s rejection of sinners upon himself, so that those who repent and
trust in him could still receive the joy that only Jesus knows. And when we
receive that eternal life with him, the supremacy of Christ is no longer a
threat to our joy, but becomes in our hearts the only source of it.
What do I mean by the
supremacy of Christ being our source of joy. Now I speak to those who have put
their faith in Christ. God’s sovereignty over all things shouldn’t scare us. It
shouldn’t be a threat to our pleasures, but the only confidence of obtaining
true pleasure. It should be a truth that leaves us with assurance, confidence,
and joyful thankfulness.
First assurance. The
writer of Hebrews wanted to encourage the Hebrew Christians wherever they were
to stay faithful to Jesus. Jews had begun to fight against the spread of the
gospel saying that those who became believers were abandoning the true faith.
Jews tried to convince their brothers that turning to Jesus was abandoning the
covenant God made with their fathers. But the author of Hebrews wanted to bring
assurance to them. Because all of the covenant pointed to Christ, it would be a
rejection of God to stay with the Old Covenant. The Jewish believers weren’t
sure which way to go, they lacked assurance. But because Jesus is supreme over
all of these things we can know for certain that we are saved. If you want
assurance in your salvation, don’t look to what you do to impress God, look to
Christ and savor his supremacy over all creation. If you want assurance look to
what God has already done in the world, moving kings and empires so that Christ
could die for you. If he can do that, he can take your simple prayer of faith
and give you abundant trust in his promise to keep you.
Secondly, knowing the
supremacy of Christ will give you confidence. If I am fearful to speak the
truth boldly, I have lost sight of God’s sovereignty. If I am fearful to be
more generous with my time, my money, my body, or my words, it’s because I have
forgotten that God holds it all together anyway.
When I know in my heart
that I must speak up about something, I debate in my mind what the consequences
will be. Usually staying silent wins out because worldly consequences seem like
the worst that could happen. Never do I introduce into my internal debate the
idea that God gave me the lips, the voice, the breath to speak what I ought. I
don’t thank him for these truths and I don’t speak knowing that he also
controls the moments that follow my words. If I truly believe that Jesus is
greater than my fear, greater than my existence, greater than the sound waves
that my voice produces, then I will speak boldly trusting that he will do
whatever necessary to modify those sound waves, open any ears who hear them,
and create joy in their hearts to also rejoice in the supremacy of Christ.
Finally, because Jesus is
supreme over creation we can rejoice in his goodness in creation without making
it our ultimate end. I wrote much of this sermon at a beautiful city park near
our house. The park is on a lake with walking trails all around it, beautiful
trees, a gorgeous blue sky, and in the summer animals singing God’s praises all
together. It is a fantastic place to sit quietly and feel God’s glory shining
all around. And while I wrote this sermon I thought about my wife who was at
home waiting for me to return, thanking God that I get to enjoy the incredible
pleasures of marriage with such a beautiful woman. Yes, God created her and he
created the pleasures we share together and I rejoice in that. The park I was
at had an art gallery with interesting pieces of art from local artists that
cause me to look at them and say, “What incredible creativity God has placed
into the minds of his image-bearers!”
We have such potential as
image-bearers to reflect his beauty, his creative glory. There is so much in
creation to be thankful for. We weren’t created to be spirit-creatures floating
around in some strange ethereal existence. God created flowers, birds, and
squirrels for our enjoyment of his creative glory. He created physical marriage
to give us a small taste of the intimate and intense pleasures that we
experience when his Spirit dwells within us. He gave us taste buds and hunger
to match a thousand different flavors of foods so we can sample the infinite
variety of reasons to savor Jesus. We don’t honor God when we deny physical
realities believing that spiritual realities to be better. We glorify him when
we enjoy the physical realities with Spirit-filled hearts of praise for the one
who sovereignly created them for our joy.
And we keep ourselves
from making any temporal pleasures ultimate because they all come from his
hand. And we know they are tainted by sin and one day he is going to restore
them to be even greater than they are now. Jesus is
better than all of these things. Though we enjoy them for his glory, because He
is better we hold loosely to them for the sake of knowing him, savoring him,
rejoicing in his creative work and trusting him to hold our future.
